EN
Kawe Whakamahere mō Waea Pāpori Tūnga
Ohaa Matū (304 vs 316 vs 201)
Ki te whakaarohia ngā hanganga hei whai hua mo te tawhiti, he nui te āheinga o ngā ohanga matū e whakamahia hei hanga i ngā karaehe pakihi ki te wāriki me te tautohu ki te korenga. Ko te ohanga 304 he mea iti whakarite, he ohanga matū nui rawa atu, ka whai ake tonu ki ngā whakamahi noho rangatira. Heoi anō, kei raro i te 70% o ngā papa kai mahi kai e pai ana i te ohanga 304, nā tana hononga whakapiki kaha me te pai utu. Ki te wā, ko te momo matū 316 e whakauruhia ana te molibdenum, e whakamana ana i ngā āhuatanga kore pūpuke me te kore kōrero ionikī. Koia nei te mea pai ki te whakamahi i roto i ngā taiao moana rānei, me ngā mumutai. Heoi, ko te utu o ia he nui ake i te 304, e kitea ana i waenganui i ngā kāwanatanga, engari kaore i te take hiahia.
Te aho 201 inox te kitea i tētahi whakaaetanga kāore i te utu i runga i ngā tuatahi o nickel nō reira, nā tēnā ko te 201 e kawe ana i ngā iti me te nitrogen e roa atu, hei whakaeke i te nickel. Ko te aho 201 e kore e utu ki te hanga, ā, ahakoa ka tuku ia i te wharaiko e pāngia ana ki ngā aho o te rīpoata 300, he mea nui kē tērā kia whakamahia mō ngā hokinga mahi me ngā wāhanga kore hara. Me whakapā ai ngā pakihi i ngā hua tuatahi mō ngā aho e rahi ake nei hei whakangungu me te whakapai i ngā wāhi pureko.
Ngā Pūtaiao Kawekawe mō ngā Whakamahi Whaihua
Ngā kawekawe komihana Inahea, he rahi rawa, tūtohu me te rangatohu i roto i te wāhi whakangungu tai pūtahi, kāore i tae ki ngā atu. Kua hanga ngā kawenga nei i te hīkoi o rua rānei, nui atu ngā whakaomanga, whakaputa ai i tētahi kawenga e kore e maha rawa, engari e taea ana ki te takahi i ngā pūmau me ngā kōpanga. He mea nui tēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā mahi whakatenetene, pērā i ngā ratonga kai me ngā wāhi orokohanga, kei reira te hiahia ki te pai, engari he mea whai kiko, kia kore ai i aroha mai i ngā mira. Ko te koreporoiti o ngā komihana ka whakamahia hei whakatū tonu i te whiuwheoro me te pai.
Nō reira, mai i te whakaaro paipai, he maha ngā momo tūmomo kokiho taumata ki te wāhi komiti e whakakore ana i roto i ngā kāwitanga komiti nui, ka hīkina ēnei pūtea hangaenga, ahakoa te tūmanako i te roa o te wā o te oranga, me te iti rawa i ngā mahi whakahaere. Ka taea e koe te panoni anō i ngā kōrero arohaehae mai i ēnei rōpū e kōrerotia nei ngā paihere nui me te tūmanako o te whiuwhiu ki ngā pakirehua o te wā. Hei tāwāhi hoki i ngā pai ā-waiū o ngā hononga - kei roto i ēnei kei te 100% tēnā e whakahokia ana, ko tēnā hei tautoko i ngā tohu whakatika i roto i te whenua. Ko tēnei whanaketanga me te iti noa iho i te whiuwhiu ā-waiū ka whakanuia he whiringa pai mō ngā wāhanga komiti o tenei rā ka hiahia ki ngā whakaritenga kokiho waenganui.
Te Whakangāwangā o te Pūnaha Whai i te Rorohiko
Ko te rahi o te karauna he tatau nui atu o ngā take i roto i te hanga whai kaha me te wā o te marua mō tētahi tahā porihanga. Ko te material pai rawa hei whakangungu i ngā pūmau me ngā pūwaihanga, e tika ana mo ngā kichen porihanga i te maha haere. Ki te hunga whakamārama, ko te rahi matua mō ngā tahā mangemange kei te 18-gauge rānei ko te 20-gauge, āe heoi ko ētahi tahā kei reira i te 16-gauge rānei ko te 14-gauge. Whakawhiwhia te whakangungu pai i roto i ngā taiao e maha ana te mahi rānei e taea ai te whakarite.
Ki te rangahau, ngā waihanga kotahi he maha te tataki i te korenga, ko te take he nui rawa atu ngā whakahoki, no reira he hē ki te whakaaro he pai ai te whakamātau. Ko te mahi a te whenua e whakarite ana i te whakamahi i ngā pūngao nui rawa hei whakaeke i ngā rā o mua, pērā i te kohikohi mai i te whakapakari nui rānei, he taumata korero hoki i te whakamātau i ngā pūngao. Ko ngā tohunga matatini pūngao anō e whakaaro ana ko te whakaaetanga tuatahi mo te paheko pūnaha ka hurihia i runga i te whakapono komiti, me whakauru i ngā whakahaere roa me te whakapakari hei whakamana i ngā hiahia o ngā kaiwhakamahi i tenei wa, ā, me neke atu i ngā hiahia o te wa e tangi nei.
Ngā Waihanga Tirotiro Whenua hei Tirotiro mo ngā Rākau Poto
Nga Painga o ngā Waihanga Tapa Tawhiti
Ngā whata kai hāngai ki te pae he tūtohu pai mō ngā kākano whare kai iti. Nā rātou i awhi i te whakaiti whenua me te waihanga ēnei anō hei tika i raro i te whatu. Ko ēnei rautaki waihanga e taea ana te whakatika i te uiui mō te pai me te tika ā-motu, nā tērā e hiahiatia ana i ngā taiao whakangahau nui, inaianei ko te whakamahi pai rawa atu mō ngā mahi kai whare, whakapai i te whakatohe. He mea pai hoki ngā whata kai tuhono ki te pae, he hangarau kīwaha pai rawa, me ngā rautaki hou, hērahei e whakanuia ana i ngā kākano kai o tenei rā. WHATA KAI TUHONO I TE PAE RĀNEI – He waihanga whakaiti whenua mō ngā whata kai whakangahau e whakapai ana i te waahi mahi me te mahi i roto i ngā raraunga mahi kai.
Te Whakauru Whata Kai ki ngā Koriniti
Ngā wāhi kara pūtahi hei whakamahi i te wāhi i ngā kara iti. E whakatipu ana enei āhuatanga arai wai i ngā whiwhinga me te tiaki i te wāhi paetai i roto i te kāhui kai. Ka whakarerekē rātou i te nuinga o ngā mahi, i te tūrongo, me te wāhi kua rahurahu i ngā kāhui kai e mōhio ana. Ngā ara karakia e whai ake nei i te paetai, ka hanga i tētahi whāinga porihita me te whai wāhi pai hoki mō te kai tahi! He mea nui ngā tataki i te mea e taea ana e ngā ara karakia nei te whakapai i te wāhi i roto i te hohipera kai me ngā whakaaetanga pai ki te wāhanga kai a te tangata, e hiahiatia nei e ia.
Ngā Ratonga I Raro i te Paetai Tae Atu
Ka whakatauhia i a rātou, me whakaaro koe i ngā rua haurangi e pā ana ki ia motu o ngā waiū hei whakarite i te hanga me te āhua. Mō ngā mōhiohia i raro i te paepae: Ko ngā mōhiohia i raro i te paepae he āhua hīmataki rānei, ko te āhua itiiti, ka whakatipuranga noa iho, nā reira ka whakapiki mai ngā tangata ki te whakamahi i aua mōhiohia mo te hoahoa pai, ahakoa e kore e taea te whakatakoto. He mea nui rawa atu mō ngā kaiwhakarite i te whakatakotoranga, engari kei te wāhi pai rawa te whakahaere i aua kaiwhakarite, nā te mea he whakatakoto tika. Ka whakarite kē ngā mōhiohia nei i te hoahoanga o te kaiwai; ka puta ngā mōhiohia i raro i te paepae i te wāhi whakarite o te paepae, ahakoa ko ngā mōhiohia kia taea te whakarereke i runga i ngā whakarite paepae. Kei te whakaae ētahi tohunga hoahoanga kia whakatakoto i raro i te paepae, nā te mea ka pai ake i te āhua hīmataki; ahakoa, ko ngā whakamārama pārongo ka tae atu ki te mea e taea ana ngā whakaaro katoa e whakarerekē ana i te hunga, ki te wehewehe i ngā tūtohu kaiwai me ētahi atu whakaritenga pārongo.
Nga Atanga Whai Wāhi Nui
Te Rawahei Tino Pai mō te Whakamahi Pāpori
Te rahi o te karaehe mea kua tae ki runga i ake i nga whakaaetanga nui rawa i nga whakahaere komiti. Nga rahi karaehe matatau he meinga ki nga mahi, engari he whakatakoto noa hoki hei tirotiro i nga whakahaerenga komiti. He waihanga pai ake nga karaehe roa hei whakarite i te roa mo nga mahi karakia me te karakia. Hei tauira, i whakaaetia e tetahi rangahau pakiwaitara ka whanake i te 20% i te pai o te mahi karakia mo nga karaehe i whakatakotoria ki nga painga mahi. No reira, i whakaatu nga rangahau o te tinana e pai ai te rahi o te karaehe hei whakaiti i te ngawari o te whakamahi me te whakapai i te pai o te mahi. E pai ana he rahi karaehe whakarite nei hei whakamahere pai i te whakamahi wai me te whakarite i nga taumata tinana o te whakamahi, hei whakamahere pai i te whakamahi, engari kaore i whakarite i te whakamahi i runga i te whakamahi nui.
Nga Tohu Whakangungu Whakatūpuku
Ngā whakamātau kaiwhakarato tohu ka whai i ngā āhuatanga pērā i te whakatū rua ngākau me te whirinaki hirahira e whakamana ana i te rānei ake o te tūnga. Ko tēnei e whakapuakina ana i te wā o te tūnga, e tiakina ana i ngā utu mō ngā mahi whakanui me ngā tūnga whakaiti. Mō ngā whakamahi pūkai, kei te whakaaro nui kei te tiaki i te wā hei tiaki i te moni, ko ēnei momo kaiwhakarato nei e tū tonu nei hei whakahaua kia pai rawa atu ki te mahi. Heoi, he iti noa iho ngā take whakawhiti haere me ngā take whakapae e kitea ana i muri i te whakatakoto i ngā tūnga rua ngākau i ngā reata. Ko ngā whakamātau hangarau i te ao me ngā whakamātau tuatoru e whakamana ana i te pai o ēnei momo whakarite, e taea ana e ēnei tūnga e takohia ana i ngā paunga nui o te mahi kaiwhakarato rangitahi, ahakoa kua mau i te mana moana.
Te Whakatōngi Parihei hei Tautoko i te Whenu
Whakamaua te Tuku Wai – He wāhanga tūturu o reira tonu mō heoi āheinga rorohiko, baro rānei nō reira kai hoki he mea pai ki te whakarite i tētahi pūwai pai me te tataki hōhonu hei tirotiro i ngā wai e noho ana. Ko te tahuhu o te mata o te pūwai i tae ki te whakatutuki i te kīanga o te wai ki te tukitanga, ka whakaiti haeretia ai te wā whakawhiti i ngā mahi ahuwhenua, me te whakapai i te whakaaro o te hunga whakamahi i roto i ngā taiao hangaoho nui. Ki runga i te whakaahua pai o te tukitanga, ka ea mai te wai i runga i ngā kapa kai ki te pūwai, ka tiaki i te kaiwhakahoki kai i te waipiro me te horomia. Nā ngā kaiako toiora i ākona ko te whakatutuki i te kīanga o te wai ki ngā pūwai ka taea te whakakore i ngā pūnaha moeone i te whakamahi. Ko te rangahau i roto i te whenua e whai ana i ēnei whakamātau, me ngā utu e taea nei te whakaiti i ngā tūnga tūranga i te mahi me te paihere i te whakapai i te tūranga i ngā taiao nui.
Rautaki Whakahaere me te Pūtea Eke
Ture Whakamahere Minitanga
Kei te whai take nui ngā mahi whaiwhai i ngā rangi mō te whakamahara i ngā waka pātumataritanga kia pai, ā, kia noho tika tonu hei roa i ngā tau. E ai ki ngā momo whenua e hīnaki ana i ngā waka, ka whakamahi i ēnei mo ētahi atu tikanga, me ngā rongoā whakapai e hiahia ana kia kaua e whakarereke, ā, kia whai oranga pai. Hei tauira, ko ngā waka inoi whatitiri e pai rawa ana i te whakapai kore-tūmaunga kia kaua e whakawhiti, ā, kei te pai ake ngā rongoā taurite-pH mō ngā waka mata whenua kia kaua e whakapai. Kia whakautuhia ngā tohutohu o te hangaenga, kāore i te nui rawa te take mō te roanga o ngā waka, engari he nui hoki te take mō te whakakore i ngā uara tūmatawhiti e puta nei i te whakamahi wehe. Ka kitea noa ngā hapa iti o te tirotiro hauora, pērā i te kore whakamahi i te wāhi i raro i te waka, ki reira ka puawai ai te korokoro. Nō reira, e āhei ana ēnei rongoā whakapai, pērā i te whakapai māhea mō ngā mata whenua, rānei ko te kānga mō te whakakore i ngā pūtake kapurimā, kia whai oranga pai i te whakapai i ngā rangi.
Te Whakaiti i te Whakapakaru i ngā Taiao Hūmoa
Te whakamahinga i ngā waihanga me te tūponotanga o ngā kōrari ki te uru hau e hiahiatia ana he mea nui, pērā i te pai o te hāpai hau me te whiriwhiria o ngā maha matua pai. He maha matua nui ake nei ko te inox taiarahia rānei ko te porserinē i te āhua e kawe ana i te toto me te tūpono. Ko te uru hau nui anō he take nui hoki i ngā take tūpono; nō te mahere, ka nui ake te tono whakatika mo te toto ki ngā kuhu kai whanaketanga me te hokohoko hau iti. Nā ngā tohunga whakahaere, ko ngā tikanga pai he whakatū dehumidifiers, te tirotiro i te hīkoi hau me te whakatakoto pai o ngā kaiwhakarite ki runga i ngā mata o ngā kōrari. Ko ia atu, ko ngā whakatika ISO he mea whai mana nui hoki, nō te mea i kitea e rātau he whakaiti i te take tūpono, hei whakaora i te pai o te whakapai.
Whakaaturanga o ngā Uara o te Wā Ora
"He aha ngā uiui o te wā katoa mō ngā whakamahi pūtake?" He whakauru uiui i ngā momo whakamahi pūtake: E awhina ana he uiui o te wā katoa mō ngā whakamahi pūtake kia mohio koe i te mea e taea ana e koe i te wā e huringa nei i ngā momo katoa. Ki te kitea he iti ngā whakamahi, ka tae noa ki te whakaaro nui i te whai take iti, engari ko te roa tonu me te hokohoko iti nā ngā rara moana pai, ka hua he waiho i te wā e huri nei. Hei tā ngā rautaki, ka kitea he nui ake te hokinga moni (ROI) i te hoko i ngā whakamahi roa tonu i waenganui i ngā poaka iti e mea ana hei whakatūpato i te wā e hokona ana. Ka whakaatu ngā whakamārama nei i roto i ngā kōrero mō te whakahaere kaihāpai whenua, nā te mea ka whakanui te utu nui ki te whakaiti i ngā wā e hoki mai ana me ngā wā e whakatūpato ana i ngā whakamahi, ka noho ngā whakahokia ā-tūranga hei whakarite i te buget e mahi ana.
FAQ
P: He aha ngā paunga hua o te whakamahi i te inoi 316 whero moana mō ngā whakamahi pūtake?
K: He whakatūnganga pai ake te kaiwhānau 316 ki te whawhai i te kōpūtahi me te pikinga, e hiahiatia ana hei tika mō ngā wāhi e whai ake nei i ngā rongoā kino rerekē ranei, me ngā āhuatanga moana.
W: He aha te take i ka whakaaro a business ki ngā material komihana mō ō rātau pūhoro?
K: E ai ki ngā paunga pai o ngā material komihana, he waenganui kei te mana, he pai ake te whakahē ki ngā pūmau, me ngā āhuatanga kotahi anake, e mahi pai ana i ngā tono tētahi tuhinga e hiahiatia ana hei tika mō ngā tono tuku iho e hiahiatia ana ki te higiene me te paihere.
W: Me pēhea te āhua o te mauhere o te material e whai here ana ki te paihere o te pūhoro?
K: Ko ngā material nui rawa atu ka taea pea te whakangungu i ngā whiu pūmotu, ka tohe ki te whanaketanga pērā i ngā pikinga me ngā pūmau, e whai wānga ana ki te roa o ngā pūhoro horoi whenua.
W: He aha ngā paunga pai o ngā hohipera tū ki te takapū?
K: Ka tiaki ngā hohipera tū ki te takapū i te wāhi kaiwhānau, ka whakapai i te tahuri, ko ngā whiringa matua i ngā whānau, ka whakapai i ngā taumata me te mahi pai i roto i ngā whakaritenga kaiwhānau iti.
W: Me pēhea te whakamahere i te whakamahi i te ara whakarei?
A: Ko te rerenga rerenga ka whakaiti i te kohinga wai, e tere ai te horoi me te whakapai ake i te horoi i roto i nga taiao whakamahi nui penei i nga kainihini arumoni.
